Quaternary ammonium compounds and process for preparing and using same

ABSTRACT

Novel quaternary ammonium compounds are disclosed, as well as methods for their preparation and their use in the treatment of hair, fibers and textiles as softening and conditioning agents. The high substantivity of these novel quaternary ammonium compounds to hair, fibers, and textiles, and their mildness to the skin and eyes, make them well suited for softening and conditioning fibers for applications such as personal care, laundry, and textile use. 
     For example, quaternary ammonium compounds such as N′,N″,N′″-Triethyl, N′,N′,N′″,N′″-Tetramethyl, N″-[(Polyhydroxypropyl)-ω-hydroxyalkyl], dipropylene triammonium triethosulfate have been prepared. Quaternary ammonium compounds may also include those involving other reactive groups known to those skilled in the art.

This application is a divisional of 09/593,020 filed Jun. 13, 2000, nowU.S. Pat. No. 6,437,185, which claim the benefit of U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 60/139,422 filed on Jun 16, 1999.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to novel quaternary ammonium compounds,and more particularly to monomeric polyquaternary ammonium derivativesof substituted dipropylene triamine, their process of manufacture, theiruse in hair care products and in the treatment of fibers and textiles,and preparations containing the quaternary ammonium compounds.

The novel quaternary ammonium compounds of the invention have very highsubstantivity to fibers such as wool fiber, acrylic fibers, human hairand textiles made of wool and acrylic fibers or mixed fibers, withexcellent conditioning and softening effects. By “mixed fibers” is meanta combination of polyester and cotton or rayon fibers, or polyester andwool fibers.

2. Description of the Related Art

Quaternary ammonium compounds are known for a variety of differentapplications.

U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,654,785 and 2,668,854 to Miescher discloses wholly orpartially quaternated azalkane diamines. The quaternary ammoniumcompounds may be used as medication. The patent further discloses use ofdiethyl sulfate as a quaternating agent.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,126,562 to Goffinet et al. discloses non-ionic textilesoftening compositions comprising a cationic surfactant and a non-ionicfabric-conditioning substance selected from fatty acid esters of mono-orpolyhydric alcohols having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and anhydridesthereof. The composition may additionally comprise an insoluble cationicsoftener selected from di-C10-C22 alkyl quaternary ammonium salts andC8-C25 imidazolinium salts.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,250,112 to Lobach et al. disclosespolyalkylenepolyamines containing quaternary dialkylammonium groups andtheir use as agents for retention of fibers in the manufacture ofpapers.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,997,912 to Wirtz et al. discloses esters of oxalkylatedalkylalkylenediamines, which may be quaternized, obtained by esterifyingoxyalkylated alkylalkylenediamines. The compounds are used as corrosioninhibitors in crude oil recovery and treatment plants.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,157,388 to Christiansen discloses polycationic orpolyquaternary ammonium ionenes, which generally are hygroscopic. Thecompounds are useful as conditioning agents for skin, hair and textileproducts.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,720,383 to Drach et al. discloses imidazoliniumcompounds used for softening and conditioning fibers, hair and skin. Thepatent discloses that it is known to prepare softeners comprisingquaternaries of ethoxylated or nonethoxylated amido amines derived fromthe reaction of high molecular weight acid like stearic and a multiamine such as diethylenetriamine. The standard alkylating agents arediethyl sulfate or dimethyl sulfate.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,764,306 to Login discloses a process for the productionof bis-quaternary ammonium compounds comprising contacting a tertiaryamine with a neutralizing acid, such as HCL, and subsequently contactingthe resulting mixture with an epoxide, preferably epihalohydrin orepichlorohydrin. The tertiary amine is preferably stearlyl dimethylamine or lauryl dimethyl amine. The resulting bis-quaternary ammoniumcompounds are incorporated into hair conditioners.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,808,321 to Walley discloses liquid fabric softening andantistatic compositions which contain mono-ester analogs of ditallow,dimethyl ammonium chloride.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,913,828 to Caswell et al. discloses alkyl amine-anionicsurfactant ion-pair/wax composites useful as fiber, hair and fabricconditioning agents.

U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,087,733 and 5,206,013 to Deppert et al. disclose sulfurcontaining quaternary ammonium compounds, and their use as hairconditioning agents.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,254,271 to Hamann et al. discloses hair and fabricconditioning compositions comprising mixtures of quaternary ammoniumcompounds with or without ester groups prepared by reacting amines withdimerized fatty acids and subsequent quaternization or protonation withinorganic or organic acids.

U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,427,773; 5,427,774; and 5,451,394 to Chaudhuri et al.discloses non-irritating, hair, skin and textile substantive, quaternaryammonium salts of paradialkylamino benzamides. These benzamidederivatives are also active sunscreening agents.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,863,526 to Yeung et al. discloses a hair conditioningcomposition comprising homopolymers prepared from ammonium quaternarysalts of amino alkylacrylamides.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,916,863 to Iacobucci et al. discloses a textilesoftening agent comprising a quaternary ammonium salt which comprises amixture of mono-, di-, and tri-ester components, having high diestercontent and low triester content.

The references describe the production of cationic and quaternaryammonium compounds and their use in the treatment of hair, fiber andtextiles as softening and conditioning agents. However, none of thereferences disclose or suggest the specific, novel quaternary ammoniumcompounds of the invention, a process of preparing same, or the use ofsuch compounds in the treatment of fibrous materials.

Additionally, the substantivity characteristics of the quaternaryammonium compounds of the invention are superior to known quaternaryammonium compounds, and are stable in highly acidic or highly alkalinemedium. These properties make the quaternary ammonium compounds of theinvention suitable for use in specialized alkaline fiber or hairtreatment systems such as in hair straightening treatments, at a high pHof 12.00, and also in permanent waving, at a pH of 9-10. The quaternaryammonium compounds of the invention are stable to these extreme pHconditions. The quaternary ammonium compounds of the invention also havevery high substantivity to fibers such as wool fiber, acrylic fibers,human hair and textiles made of wool and acrylic fibers or mixed fibers,with excellent conditioning and softening effects, as shown in Examples52 and 53 below.

OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a process forproducing quaternary ammonium compounds which are very mild.

It is another object of the invention to provide a process for makingquaternary ammonium compounds for use in the treatment of hair, fiberand textile materials.

It is yet another object of the invention to provide a process formaking quaternary ammonium compounds for use in hair care products thatallow the use and application of thio-based hair treatment specialtiesand formulations.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a process for makingquaternary ammonium compounds which have very high substantivity tofibers such as wool fiber, acrylic fibers, human hair, and textiles madeof wool and acrylic fibers or mixed fibers.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a method for producingquaternary ammonium compounds for use in hair shampoo products whichhave excellent conditioning effects when used alone or in combinationwith other surfactants.

Another object of the invention is to provide a method of producingquaternary ammonium compounds which are stable in highly acidic orhighly alkaline medium.

It is another object of the invention to provide quaternary ammoniumcompounds which are excellent conditioners and softeners for fibrousmaterials.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide quaternary ammoniumcompounds which are suitable for use in alkaline fiber or hair caresystems such as hair straighteners and permanent wave treatments.

These and other objects are accomplished by providing a process forpreparing quaternary ammonium compounds, and specifically monomeric,multi-charge, multi-functional quaternary ammonium compounds. Thesequaternary ammonium compounds are improved as compared to commerciallyavailable quaternary ammonium compounds, as they are milder and lessirritating to the skin and eyes. Hair care formulations containing thequaternary ammonium compounds of the invention are conditioning andemollient, have very low toxicological profiles, and are not irritatingto the skin and eyes.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The novel quaternary ammonium compounds of this invention have uniqueproperties in that they have very high substantivity to fibers such aswool fiber, acrylic fibers, human hair and textiles made of wool andacrylic fibers or mixed fibers. Such high substantivity is a usefulproperty for allowing the application of these compounds to fibers, andespecially to human hair. The utility of such compounds in hair careproducts results in excellent conditioning and softening effects. Thehigh substantivity of these novel quaternary ammonium compounds to hair,fibers, and textiles, and their mildness to the skin and eyes, make themwell suited for softening and conditioning fibers for applications suchas personal care, laundry, and textile use.

The novel quaternary ammonium compounds of the invention are preferablyprepared by:

1. Reacting an Amine with alkoxide, preferably Propylene Oxide (“PO”),yielding a polyoxypropylene adduct amine of alkoxide (hereinafterabbreviated “AMP”). The alkoxide is selected from the group consistingof propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, and a mixture of propylene oxide andethylene oxide.

2. Reacting the adduct AMP of step 1 with a 1,2 epoxyalkane having from3 to 28 carbon atoms (such as α-olefin epoxide, i.e., C₁₆-Epoxide) toproduce the oxyalkylated condensate;

3. Further quaternizing the hydroxyalkylated condensate of step 2 with asuitable quaternization agent, preferably diethyl sulfate (“DES”) ordimethyl sulfate (“DMS”), to produce a quaternary ammonium compound.

4. Optionally diluting the quaternary ammonium compound produced in Step3 in water to obtain the desired concentration, preferably a 25% or 50%or 75% solids-liquid solution or dispersion.

The process of the invention provides a composition of matter comprisinga monomeric polyquaternary ammonium derivative of an amine, preferably asubstituted, dipropylene triamine. The preferred, highly substituted,dipropylene triamine which is used in the process of the invention isTetramethyliminobis-Propylamine, abbreviated herein as “AM”. Thepropoxylation (or ethoxylation) step adds multiple units of oxypropyl oroxyethyl chains. This propoxylated adduct is then reacted with ofC₁₆-α-olefin epoxide (preferably one mole) to produce the oxyalkylatedcondensate, i.e., hydroxycetoxy-polyoxypropylated tetramethyliminobispropylamine. This hydroxycetoxy-polyoxproplylated tetramethyliminobispropylamine is then further quaternized with 3 moles of Diethyl Sulfateto yield a quaternary of this invention. The preferred molar ratio is1:2 to 1:3 for full quaternization. The preferred molar ratio is 1:3.

The very mild quaternary ammonium compounds of the invention areparticularly useful in fiber treatment, especially in hair treatmentcompositions that permit the application of thio-based hair treatments,and are suitable for use in alkaline fiber or hair care systems such ashair straighteners and permanent wave treatments. The quaternaryammonium compounds of the invention may be used in shampoos,conditioners, and conditioning shampoos. When the quaternary ammoniumcompounds of the invention are deposited on human hair, they improve theability of the hair to be combed and provide an antistatic effect. Thismakes the hair more manageable.

The compounds of the present invention are generally semi-liquids atroom temperatures. They mix and dissolve and disperse readily with mosttypes of shampoo/conditioner formulations.

The quaternary ammonium compounds of the invention are excellenthair-conditioning agents, as stated above. They are also generalantistats and humectants for fibrous textile products such as rayon andfiber glass, and anti-static agents for textile and rug products ingeneral. The compounds of the invention are also effective as wash cycleconditioners and rewetting agents in some laundry detergentformulations. Thus, the quaternary ammonium compounds of the inventionfind application in compositions such as fabric detergent, shampoos,hair conditioners, and dryer- and washer-added fabric conditioners.

The foregoing list is only exemplary of the type of compositions inwhich the novel quaternary ammonium compounds of this invention may beused, and, as such, is not to be considered limiting.

The preferred, highly substituted, dipropylene triamine which is used inthe process of the invention is Tetramethyliminobis-Propylamine,abbreviated herein as “AM”, whose structure is:

The propoxylation (or ethoxylation) step adds multiple units ofoxypropyl(or oxyethyl chains) and produces a compound having thechemical name Poly(hydroxypropyl) Tetramethyliminobis propylamine, whichhas the following structure:

where

R═H (ethoxylated derivative);

R═CH₃ (propoxylated derivative); and

n=1 to 100 moles of Ethylene Oxide (“EO”) and/or Propylene Oxide (“PO”).

Specifically, it is preferred to form a 3 mole Propoxylate of AM,abbreviated herein as AMP-3, having the chemical name Tri(oxypropyl)Tetramethyliminobis propylamine, and having the following structure:

Alternatively, it is preferred to form a 5 mole Propoxylate of AM,abbreviated herein as AMP-5, having the chemical namePentaoxypropyl-Tetramethyliminobis propylamine, which has the followingstructure:

This propoxylated adduct is then reacted with a 1,2 epoxyalkane havingfrom 3 to 28 carbon atoms, preferably with one mole of C₁₆-α-olefinepoxide (abbreviated herein as “C₁₆-Epoxide”), also known as1,2-epoxycetane, or 1,2-epoxyhexadecane, which has the followingstructure:

to produce a oxyalkylated condensate, namely, a hydroxycetylalkylatedcondensate of propxylated or ethoxylated tetramethyliminobispropylamine, which has the following structure:

where

R═H (ethoxylated derivative);

R═CH₃ (propxylated derivative); and

n=1 to 100 moles of EO and/or PO.

Specifically, AMP-3 is reacted with C₁₆-Epoxide to produceTri(oxypropyl)-ω-hydroxycetyl-Tetramethyliminobis Propylamine,abbreviated herein as AMP-3-CT. AMP-5 is reacted with C₁₆-Epoxide toproduce Penta(oxypropyl)-ω-hydroxycetyl-Tetramethyliminobis Propylamine.

Alternatively, AMP-3 may be reacted with1,2-Epoxydodecane/1,2-Epoxytetradecane to produceTri(oxypropyl)-ω-hydroxy(lauryl/myristyl)-Tetramethyliminobispropylamine, abbreviated herein as AMP-3-LM, which has the followingstructure:

The hydroxyalkoxy-polyoxyalkoxylated tetramethyliminobis propylamine isthen quaternized with a quaternizing agent, preferably 3 moles ofDiethyl Sulfate having the formula (C₂H₅)₂SO₄, to yield a quaternaryammonium compound of this invention, having the following genericstructure:

Specifically, the hydroxycetoxy-tri(oxypropylated) tetramethyliminobispropylamine is quaternized with Diethyl Sulfate having the formula(C₂H₅)₂SO₄, to yield a quaternary ammonium compound of this invention,having the following structure:

This quaternary ammonium compound has the trade name FINQUAT® CT-P (INCIName: Quaternium 89), and the chemical name: N′,N″,N′″-Triethyl,N′,N′,N′″,N′″-Tetramethyl, N″-[(Trioxypropyl)-ω-hydroxycetyl],dipropylene triammonium triethosulfate.

Quaternating agents such as alkyl or alkenyl halides, such as methylchloride, methyl bromide or methyl iodide, or other dialkyl sulfatessuch as di-methyl sulfate may be used. The molar ratio of theoxyalkylated condensate to the quaternating agent is in the range of 1:2to 1:3, with a 1:3 ratio being preferred.

This invention is also directed to the use of the quaternary ammoniumcompound produced by the method of the invention in treating hair,fiber, and textile materials. The quaternary compounds of the inventionare particularly useful in fiber treatment, especially in hair treatmentcompositions that permit the application of thio-based hair treatments.

More particularly, the compounds of the invention may be obtained by thefollowing method:

A. Starting with 1 mole of tetramethyliminobis propylamine.

B. Adding to the compound of Step A from 1 to 100 moles of alkoxide,preferably either ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, or a mixture ofethylene oxide and propylene oxide, in any ratio.

C. Reacting each mole of the compound produced in Step B with from 0.90to 1.0 mole of a 1,2 epoxyalkane having from 3 to 28 carbon atoms,preferably C16-α-olefin-Epoxide.

D. Quaternizing each mole of the compound produced in Step C with 2.5 to3.00 moles of a suitable quaternization agent, such as diethyl sulfateor dimethyl sulfate.

E. Optionally diluting the quaternary compound produced in Step D inwater to obtain the desired concentration, preferably a 25%-75%solids-liquid solution or dispersion, and most preferably a 70%concentration.

The quaternary ammonium compounds of the invention are poly-functionalwith 3 quaternary positions per mole of the molecule. This high densityof quaternized nitrogens on the molecule allows the molecule to reachand attach to the anionic hair or fibers. Such an attachment offersantistatic effects besides being beneficial as conditioners andsofteners. Furthermore, the feel imparted to hair and fibers/textiles issoft and oil free which is also an advantageous quality of thequaternary ammonium compounds of the invention.

The quaternary ammonium compounds of this invention may be used intreatment of hair, textiles and fabrics. The amount used in suchapplications is dependent on the type of compositions, the type andquantity of other ingredients used, and the amount and type offunctional additives that are utilized.

Further, the quaternary ammonium compounds of this invention possessother unusual physio-chemical properties, which can make them beneficialand unique components of sophisticated treatment systems. Thus, thequaternary ammonium compounds described herein may serve not only ashair, textile and fiber treatment agents, but may also exhibit one ormore other functions, such as adsorption on anionically chargedparticulate matter as in clays, pigments, etc.

The quaternary ammonium compounds have shown usefulness similar toconventional quaternary ammonium compounds with the additional benefitsof being mild to the skin. Also, skin feel is even better than usingconventional quaternary ammonium compounds. In a specific embodiment,and by way of illustration, this invention contemplates the productionof the following quaternary ammonium compounds:

1. Quaternary P3CT, Trade Name: FINQUAT CT-P (INCI Name: Quaternium 89)whose structure is set forth above and whose chemical name isN′,N″,N′″-Triethyl, N′,N′,N′″,N′″-Tetramethyl,N″-[(Trioxypropyl)-ω-hydroxycetyl], dipropylene triammoniumtriethosulfate.

2. Quaternary P5CT, chemical name: N′,N″,N′″-Triethyl,N′,N′,N′″,N′″-Tetramethyl, N″-[(Pentaoxypropyl)-ω-hydroxycetyl],dipropylene triammonium triethosulfate, and whose structure is:

3. Quaternary P3LM, chemical name: N,N,N-Triethyl,N′,N′,N′″,N′″-Tetramethyl,N″-[(Trioxypropyl),-ω-hydroxylauryl/myristyl], dipropylene triammoniumtriethosulfate, whose structure is:

Some of these quaternary ammonium compounds are used in hair careformulations. Hair care formulations prepared according to theinvention, which contain the quaternary ammonium compounds addedthereto, can be formed, without limitation, into applications such assolutions, emulsions, gels, solids, emulsions, aerosols, powders,creams, granules, or tablets.

Mildness and emolliency of these quaternary ammonium compounds is ofimportance to the improved hair care products including the quaternaryammonium compounds of the invention. One major aspect of quaternaryammonium compounds of this invention is their very, very low tonegligible toxicological effects indicating their mildness in hair careproducts.

Thus, the advantages of the quaternary ammonium compounds of theinvention include:

Mildness of the formulations containing the quaternary ammoniumcompounds

Very low toxicological profile

Low irritation

Impart softer feel and better control of fibers

Thus, the novel quaternary ammonium compounds of this invention haveunique properties in that they are mild to the skin, have very low tonegligible toxicological effects, and very low eye and skin irritation.These properties make these quaternary ammonium compounds useful asvehicles or carriers, dispersants, emulsifiers, emollients, solubilizersand conditioners for hair care formulations such as hair creams,lotions, as well as other formulations. The foregoing list is onlyexemplary of the type of compositions in which the quaternary ammoniumcompounds of this invention may be used, and, as such, is not to beconsidered limiting.

The amount of such quaternary ammonium compounds to be used in suchcompositions is dependent on the type of hair care compositions, thedesired dosage or amount of active ingredient to be delivered, the typeand quantity of other ingredients, such as cosmetic ingredients used,the amount and type of functional additives that are utilized, theuser's skin and hair type, and the severity and extent of the skin orhair condition, and other parameters that will be apparent to thoseskilled in the art. Generally, compositions containing the quaternaryammonium compounds of the invention are topically applied in effectiveamounts to the affected areas of the skin or to hair. Typically, theamount of quaternary ammonium compounds used ranges from about 0.5% to10.0%, by weight, of the formulation.

The quaternary ammonium compounds of the invention have properties suchas, being less greasy, less oily, low toxicity, ease of emulsification,acid and alkaline stability, the ability to form gels with suspendingagents, water solubility/dispersibility, and the ability to be combinedwith many common hair care ingredients.

The following are non-limiting examples of processes for preparing thequaternary ammonium compounds compositions of the invention (Examples 1to 51), comparative substantivity properties (Example 52), comparativeconditioning properties (Example 53), and toxicology studies (Example54). In the Examples, as well as throughout this application, thechemical and scientific symbols have their customary meanings and allpercents are weight percents unless otherwise specified.

Example Nos. 1 through 51 identify quaternary ammonium compoundsproduced by the process of the invention. For ease of identification,each preparation is identified by both an Example Number and a ReferenceNo., where applicable.

Although the Examples use only selected compounds and formulations, itshould be understood that the examples are illustrative and not limited.Thus, any of the aforementioned Reactants A and B may be substitutedaccording to the teachings of this invention in the following Examples.

TABLE I Abbreviations for Examples AM = Tetramethyliminobis PropylamineE = Ethylene Oxide P = Propylene Oxide AME3 = 3 moles Ethoxylate of AMAME5 = 5 moles Ethoxylate of AM AMP-3 = 3 moles Propoxylate of AM AMP-5= 5 moles Propoxylate of AM AMP3-CT = C16 Epoxide condensate of AMP3AMP5-CT = C16 Epoxide condensate of AMP5 AMP3LM = C12-14 EpoxideCondensate of AMP-3 DES = Diethyl Sulfate Quat P3CT = DES Quaternary ofAMP3CT Quat P5CT = DES Quaternary of AMP5CT Quat P3LM = DES Quaternaryof AMP3LM

EXAMPLE 1 (REF. NO. 117-158-A) Preparation of AMP-3 (3 Mole Propoxylateof AM)

10 moles, i.e., 1890 gms. of AM were reacted under nitrogen with 30moles, i.e., 1740 gms. propylene oxide in a stainless steel reactor of 5liter capacity. The reaction was kept at 120° C.-130° C. and 50-60 psi.Reaction was held there until exotherm subsided. The mass was checkedfor amine value before propoxylation and after propoxylation. The aminevalue before propoxylation was 890 mg KOH/g and amine value afterpropoxylation was 460 mg KOH/g, which compared well with the theoreticalvalue of 464 mg KOH/g. The reactor was then cooled and brought toatmospheric pressure. The yield was 3630 gms. of amber liquid.

EXAMPLE 2 (REF. NO. 117-158-B) Preparation of AMP-5 (5 Mole Propoxylateof AM)

7 moles, i.e., 1323 gms. of AM was reacted under nitrogen with 35 moles,i.e., 2030 gms. propylene oxide in a stainless steel reactor of 5 litersize. The reaction temperature was kept at 120° C.-130° C. and 50-60psi. Reaction was held there until exotherm subsided. The mass waschecked for amine value before propoxylation and after propoxylation.The amine value before propoxylation was 890 mg KOH/g and amine valueafter propoxylation was 355 mg KOH/g, which compared well with thetheoretical value of 351 mg KOH/g. The reactor was then cooled andbrought to atmospheric pressure. The yield was 3353 gms. of amberliquid.

EXAMPLE 3 (REF. NO. 117-158-C) Large Batch Preparation of AMP-3 (3 MolePropoxylate of AM)

5246 lbs. of AM was charged to an evacuated stainless steel reactorunder nitrogen atmosphere. To this was added, in portions, 4839 lbs. ofpropylene oxide. Addition was done such that heat input and exothermbrought the temperature to 120° C.-130° C. and pressure of 50-60 psi.Reaction was held there until exotherm subsided and addition ofpropylene oxide was completed. The reaction mass was checked afterpropoxylation for amine value, which came to 460 mg KOH/g. The aminevalue before propoxylation was 890 mg KOH/g. The amine value of 460 mgKOH/g compared well with the theoretical value of 464 mg KOH/g. Thereactor was then cooled and brought to atmospheric pressure. The yieldin the reactor was 10,085 lbs.

EXAMPLE 4 (118-298) Preparation of AMP3CT (Cl6 Epoxide Condensate ofAMP3)

In 1 liter four neck reaction flask with stirrer, condenser, andthermometer was charged 309.7 grams of Example #1, i.e. AMP3. Nitrogenflow was maintained throughout. To this was added 190.3 grams ofC16-α-Olefin Epoxide. The initial alkalinity of this mixture was 281 mgKOH/g. The temperature was raised to 150° C. with continued nitrogenatmosphere. Reaction was continued at 150° C. for the duration of 2hours. The alkalinity remained constant indicating that there was noloss of amine equivalence. The reaction mass was a dark amber liquid.Upon cooling to 30° C. the yield was 497 grams.

EXAMPLE 5 (118-302) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a one liter four neck glass reaction flask was added 287.5 grams ofAMP-3CT from Example #4 (ref. 118-298). The inert atmosphere of nitrogenwas maintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. at whichtime addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that the exothermcame to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was 212.5 gr.of which the first portion was 47.23 gr. The balance of DES was added inunits of 35.41 gr. at temperature of 100° C.-104° C. Each portion wasreacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DES was added.Alkalinity and pH were checked the in-process sample. Alkalinity was 22mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 5.8. Additional quantity of 17gr. DES was added and reacted for 30 min. Alkalinity was none and pH 25%solution in water was <1.0. Reaction was cooled to 80° C. Added 71 gr.of 1,3-butylene glycol and the mass was mixed for 1 hr. at 80° C. Themixture was then cooled to 30° C. The yield of 587 grams was obtained assemisolid paste. This is abbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 6 (118-304) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 gr. of the product ofEx.#5 (Anhydrous Quat-P3CT) and 225 gr. of water. Mixture was subjectedto mixing and pH adjustments with a 25% sodium hydroxide solution. ThepH was brought to 5.9. Mixture was brought to 80° C. under nitrogen. Itwas then subjected to a reduced pressure of 15″-20″ Hg. and held therefor one hour. 32 grams of the distillate was collected. Added 32 gramsof water to the reaction flask and equalized the pressure to 1atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yield of this mixture was 300 grams inthe form of fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 7 (121-18) Preparation of AMP3CT (Cl6 Epoxide Condensate ofAMP3)

In 1 liter four neck reaction flask with stirrer, condenser, andthermometer was charged 309.7 grams of example #1 i.e. AMP3. Nitrogenflow was maintained throughout. To this was added 190.3 grams ofC16-α-Olefin Epoxide. The initial alkalinity of this mixture was 281 mgKOH/g. The temperature was raised to 150° C. with continued nitrogenatmosphere. Reaction was continued at 150° C. for the duration of 2hours. The alkalinity remained constant indicating that there was noloss of amine equivalence. The reaction mass was a dark amber liquid.Upon cooling to 30° C. the yield was 498 grams.

EXAMPLE 8 (121-21) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a 1 liter four neck glass reaction flask was added 287.5 grams ofAMP-3CT from Ex.#7 (ref. 121-18). The inert atmosphere of nitrogen wasmaintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. at which timethe addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that the exothermcame to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was 212.5grams of which the first portion was 47.23 grams. The balance of DES wasadded in units of 35.41 grams at temperature of 100° C.-104° C. Eachportion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DES wasadded. Alkalinity and pH were checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 22 mg KOH/g and pH of 25%. Water solution was 5.8.Additional quantity of 22 grams of DES was added and reacted for 30minutes. Alkalinity was none and pH 25%. Solution in water was <1.0.Reaction was cooled to 80° C. and added 71 grams of 1,3-butylene glycoland the mass was mixed for 1 hour at 80° C. The mixture was then cooledto 30° C. The yield of 597 grams was obtained as a semisolid paste. Thisis abbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 9 (121-24) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 grams of the product ofexample #8 (i.e. Anhydrous Quat P3CT) and 225 grams of water. Mixturewas subjected to mixing and pH adjustment with a 25% w/w sodiumhydroxide solution. The pH was brought to 5.9. Mixture was brought to80° C. under nitrogen. It was then subjected to a reduced pressure of15″-20″ Hg. and held there for 1 hour. 60 grams of the distillate wascollected. Added 60 grams of water to the reaction flask and equalizedthe pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yield of this mixturewas 300 grams in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 10 (121-41A) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a 500 ml four neck glass reaction flask was added 172.5 grams ofAMP3CT from Ex.#7 (ref. 121-18). The inert atmosphere of nitrogen wasmaintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. at which timethe addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that the exothermcame to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was 127.5grams of which the first portion was 34.77 grams. The balance of DES wasadded in units of 11.60 grams at temperature of 100° C.-104° C. Eachportion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DES wasadded. Alkalinity and pH was checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 20 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 5.95.Reaction was cooled to 80° C. The yield of 300 grams was obtained assolid paste. This is abbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 11 (121-44) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 grams of the product ofexample #10 (121-41A) (i.e. Anhydrous Quat P3CT) and 225 grams of water.Mixture was subjected to mixing and without pH adjustment. Mixture wasbrought to 80° C. under nitrogen. It was then subjected to a reducedpressure of 15″-20″ Hg. Hg and held there for 1 hour. 22 grams of thedistillate were collected. Added 22 gms. of the water to the reactionflask and equalized the pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. Theyield of this mixture was 300 gms. in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 12 (121-25) Preparation of AMP3CT (Cl6 Epoxide Condensate ofAMP3)

In 1 liter four neck reaction flask with stirrer, condenser, andthermometer was charged 309.7 grams of example #1 i.e. AMP3. Nitrogenflow was maintained throughout. To this was added 190.3 gr. ofC16-α-Olefin Epoxide. The initial alkalinity of this mixture was 283 mgKOH/g. The temp. was raised to 150° C. with continued nitrogenatmosphere. Reaction was continued at 150° C. for the duration of 2 hrs.The alkalinity remained constant indicating there was no loss of amineequivalence. The reaction mass was a dark amber liquid. Upon cooling to30° C. the yield was 498 grs.

EXAMPLE 13 (121-26) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a 1 liter four neck glass reaction flask was added 287.5 gr. ofAMP-3CT from Ex.#12 (ref. 121-25). The inert atmosphere of nitrogen wasmaintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. at which timethe addition of DES(diethyl sulfate) was started so that the exothermcame to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was 212.5grams of which the first portion was 47.23 gr. The balance of DES wasadded in units of 34.71 gr. at temperature of 100° C.-104° C. Eachportion was reacted for 30 min. before the next portion of DES wasadded. Alkalinity and pH was checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 22 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 5.8.Additional quantity of 32 gr. of DES was added and reacted for 30minutes. Alkalinity was none and pH 25% solution in water was <1.0.Reaction was cooled to 80° C. Added 71 gr. of 1,3-butylene glycol andthe mass was mixed for 1 hr. at 80° C. The mixture was then cooled to30° C. The yield of 609 grams was obtained as a semisolid paste. This isabbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 14 (121-28) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 grams of the product ofexample #1 3 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P3CT) and 225 grams of water. Mixturewas subjected to mixing and pH adjustments with a 25% w/w sodiumhydroxide solution. The pH was brought to 5.9. Mixture was brought to80° C. under nitrogen. It was then subjected to a reduced pressure of15″-20″ Hg. and held there for 1 hour. 32 grams of distillate werecollected. Added 32 grams of water to the reaction flask and equalizedthe pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yield of this mixturewas 300 grams in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 15 (121-31) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a 500 ml four neck glass reaction flask was added 172.5 grams ofAMP-3CT from Ex.#12 (ref. 121-25). The inert atmosphere of nitrogen wasmaintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. at which timethe addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that the exothermcame to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was 127.5grams of which the first portion was 22.4 gr. The balance of DES wasadded in units of 17.92 gr. at temperature of 100° C.-104° C. Eachportion was reacted for 30 min. before the next portion of DES wasadded. Alkalinity and pH was checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 22 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 5.8.Additional quantity of 10 gr. DES was added and reacted for 30 minutes.Alkalinity was none and pH 25% solution in water was <1.0. Reaction wascooled to 80° C. Added 42 grams of 1,3-butylene glycol and the mass wasmixed for 1 hour at 80° C. The mixture was then cooled to 30° C. Theyield of 350 grams was obtained was a semisolid paste. This isabbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 16 (121-32) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 gms. of the product ofexample #15 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P3CT) and 225 gms. of water. Mixturewas subjected to mixing and pH adjustments with a 25% w/w sodiumhydroxide solution. The pH was brought to 5.9. Mixture was brought to80° C. under nitrogen. It was then subjected to a reduced pressure of15″-20″ Hg. and held there for 1 hour. 21 grams of the distillate wascollected. Added 21 grams of water to the reaction flask and equalizedthe pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yield of this mixturewas 300 grams in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 17 (121-38) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a 500 ml four neck glass reaction flask was added 172.5 gr. ofAMP-3CT from Ex.#4 (ref. 118-298). The inert atmosphere of nitrogen wasmaintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. at which timethe addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that the exothermcame to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was 127.5grams of which the first portion was 22.4 grams. The balance of DES wasadded in units of 17.92 grams at temperature of 100° C.-104° C. Eachportion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DES wasadded. Alkalinity and pH were checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 22 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 5.8.Additional quantity of 7.5 grams DES was added and reacted for 30minutes. Alkalinity was none and pH 25% solution in water was <1.0.Reaction was cooled to 80° C. Added 42.6 grams of 1,3-butylene glycoland the mass was mixed for 1 hour at 80° C. The mixture was then cooledto 30° C. The yield of 351 grams was obtained as a semi-fluid paste.This is abbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 18 (121-40) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 gms. of the product ofexample #17 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P3CT) and 225 gms. of water. Mixturewas subjected to mixing and pH adjustments with a 25% w/w sodiumhydroxide solution. The pH was brought to 5.9. Mixture was brought to80° C. under nitrogen. It was then subjected to a reduced pressure of15″-20″ Hg. and held there for 1 hour. 26 grams of the distillate wascollected. Added 26 grams of water to the reaction flask and equalizedthe pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yield of this mixturewas 300 grams in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 19 (121-41) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a 500 ml four neck glass reaction flask was added 172.5 grams ofAMP-3CT from example #7 (reference 121-18). The inert atmosphere ofnitrogen was maintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. atwhich time the addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that theexotherm came to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was127.5 grams of which the first portion was 22.4 grams. The balance ofDES was added in units of 17.92 grams at temperature of 100° C.-104° C.Each portion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DESwas added. Alkalinity and pH was checked on the in-process samples.Alkalinity was 22 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 5.8.Reaction was cooled to 80° C. Added 42 grams of 1,3-butylene glycol andthe mass was mixed for 1 hour at 80° C. The mixture was then cooled to30° C. The yield of 342 grams was obtained as a semi-fluid paste. Thisis abbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 20 (121-45) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 gms. of the product ofexample #19 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P3CT) and 225 gms. of water. Mixturewas brought to 80° C. under nitrogen. It was then subjected to a reducedpressure of 15″-20″ Hg and held there for 1 hour. 24 grams of thedistillate was collected. Added 24 grs. of water to the reaction flaskand equalized the pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yieldof this mixture was 300 grams in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 21 (121-46) Preparation of AMP3CT (Cl6 Epoxide Condensate ofAMP3)

In 1 liter four neck reaction flask with stirrer, condenser, andthermometer was charged 309.7 grams example #1, i.e., AMP3. Nitrogenflow was maintained throughout. To this was added 190.3 grams ofC16-α-Olefin Epoxide. The initial alkalinity of this mixture was 286 mgKOH/g. The temperature was raised to 150° C. with continued nitrogenatmosphere. Reaction was continued at 150° C. for the duration of 2hours. The alkalinity remained constant indicating that there was noloss of amine equivalence. The reaction mass was a dark amber liquid.Upon cooling to 30° C. the yield was 498 grams.

EXAMPLE 22 (121-47A) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a 1 liter four neck glass reaction flask was added 287.5 grams ofAMP-3CT from example #21 (reference 121-46). The inert atmosphere ofnitrogen was maintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. atwhich time the addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that theexotherm came to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was170.0 grams of which the first portion was 36 grams. The balance of DESwas added in units of 24 grams at temperature of 100° C.-104° C. Eachportion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DES wasadded. Alkalinity and pH was checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 20 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 5.95.Reaction was cooled to 80° C. The yield of 480 grams was obtained as asolid paste. This is abbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 23 (121-49) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 grams of the product ofexample #22 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P3CT) and 225 gms. of water. Mixturewas brought to 80° C. under nitrogen. It was then subjected to a reducedpressure of 15″-20″ Hg and held there for 1 hour. 31 grams of thedistillate was collected. Added 31 grams of water to the reaction flaskand equalized the pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yieldof this mixture was 300 grams in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 24 (121-47) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a 1 liter four neck glass reaction flask was added 287.5 grams ofAMP-3CT from Ex.#21 (ref. 121-46). The inert atmosphere of nitrogen wasmaintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. at which timethe addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that the exothermcame to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was 170.0grams of which the first portion was 36 grams. The balance of DES wasadded in units of 24 grams at temperature of 100° C.-104° C. Eachportion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DES wasadded. Alkalinity and pH were checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 22 mg KOH/g and pH 25% solution in water was 5.8.Reaction was cooled to 80° C. Add 72 grams of 1,3 butylene glycol andthe mass was mixed for 1 hour at 80° C. The mixture was then cooled to30° C. The yield of 550 grams was obtained as a semi-solid paste. Thisis abbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 25 (121-50) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 grams of the product ofexample #24 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P3CT) and 225 gms. of water. Mixturewas brought to 80° C. under nitrogen. It was then subjected to a reducedpressure of 15″-20″ Hg and held there for 1 hour. 31 grams of thedistillate was collected. Added 31 grams of water to the reaction flaskand equalized the pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yieldof this mixture was 300 grams in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 26 (121-151A) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a 500 ml four neck glass reaction flask was added 172.5 grams ofAMP-3CT from Ex.#21 (ref. 121-46). The inert atmosphere of nitrogen wasmaintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. at which timethe addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that the exothermcame to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was 127.5grams of which the first portion was 22.4 grams. The balance of DES wasadded in units of 17.92 grams at temperature of 100° C.-104° C. Eachportion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DES wasadded. Alkalinity and pH were checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 22 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 5.8.Additional quantity of 7 grams DES was added and reacted for 30 minutes.Alkalinity was none and pH 25% solution in water <1.0. Reaction wascooled to 80° C. The yield of 305 grams was obtained as a solid paste.This is abbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 27 (121-53) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 grams of the product ofEx.#26 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P3CT) and 225 gms. of water. Mixture wassubjected to mixing and pH adjustment with a 25% w/w sodium hydroxidesolution. The pH was brought to 5.9. Mixture was brought to 80° C. undernitrogen. It was then subjected to a reduced pressure of 15″-20″ Hg andheld there for 1 hour. Added 26 grams of water to the reaction flask andequalized the pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yield ofthis mixture was 300 grams in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 28 (121-51) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a 500 ml four neck glass reaction flask was added 172.5 grs. ofAMP-3CT from Ex. #21 (ref. #121-46). The inert atmosphere of nitrogenwas maintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. at whichtime the addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that theexotherm came to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was127.5 grams of which the first portion was 22.4 grams. The balance ofDES was added in units of 17.92 grams at temperature of 100° C.-104° C.Each portion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DESwas added. Alkalinity and pH were checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 22 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 5.8.Additional quantity of 7 grams DES was added and reacted for 30 minutes.Alkalinity was none and pH 25% solution in water was <1.0. Reaction wascooled to 80° C. Added 42 grams of 1,3-butylene glycol and the mass wasmixed for 1 hour at 80° C. The mixture was then cooled to 30° C. Theyield of 345 grams was obtained as a semisolid paste. This isabbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 29 (121-54) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 grams of the product ofexample #28 (i.e. anhydrous Quat of P3CT) and 225 gms. of water. Mixturewas subjected to mixing and pH adjustment with a 25% w/w sodiumhydroxide solution. The pH was brought to 5.9. Mixture was brought to80° C. under nitrogen. It was then subjected to a reduced pressure of15″-20″ Hg and held there for 1 hour. 22 grams of the distillate wascollected. Added 22 grams of water to the reaction flask and equalizedthe pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yield of this mixturewas 300 grams in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 30 (121-57) Preparation of AMP3CT (Cl6 Epoxide Condensate ofAMP3)

In 500 ml. four neck reaction flask with stirrer, condenser, andthermometer was charged 185.82 grams example #1, i.e., AMP3. Nitrogenflow was maintained throughout. To this was added 114.18 grams ofC16-α-Olefin Epoxide. The initial alkalinity of this mixture was 282 mgKOH/g. The temperature was raised to 150° C. with continued nitrogenatmosphere. Reaction was continued at 150° C. for the duration of 2hours. The alkalinity remained constant indicating that there was noloss of amine equivalence. The reaction mass was a dark amber liquid.Upon cooling to 30° C. the yield was 300 grams.

EXAMPLE 31 (121-60A) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a 500 ml four neck glass reaction flask was added 172.5 grams ofAMP3CT from example #30 (reference 121-57). The inert atmosphere ofnitrogen was maintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. atwhich time the addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that theexotherm came to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was127.5 grams of which the first portion was 22.4 grams. The balance ofDES was added in units of 17.92 grams at temperature of 100° C.-104° C.Each portion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DESwas added. Alkalinity and pH were checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 20 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 5.95.Reaction was cooled to 80° C. The yield of 300 grams was obtained assolid paste. This is abbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 32 (121-62) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 grams of the product ofexample #31 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P3CT) and 225 grams of water. Mixturewas brought to 80° C. under nitrogen. It was then subjected to a reducedpressure of 15″-20″ Hg and held there for 1 hour. 18 grams of thedistillate were collected. Added 18 grams of water to the reaction flaskand equalized the pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yieldof this mixture was 300 grams in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 33 (121-60B) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a 500 ml four neck glass reaction flask was added 172.5 grams ofAMP3CT from Ex.#30 (ref. 121-57). The inert atmosphere of nitrogen wasmaintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. at which timethe addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that the exothermcame to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was 127.5grams of which the first portion was 22.4 grams. The balance of DES wasadded in the units of 17.92 grams at temperature of 100° C.-104° C. Eachportion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DES wasadded. Alkalinity and pH were checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 22 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 5.8.Reaction was cooled to 80° C. Added 42.6 grams of 1,3-butylene glycoland the mass was mixed for 1 hour at 80° C. The mixture was then cooledto 30° C. The yield of 340 grams was obtained as a semi-fluid paste.This is abbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 34 (121-63) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 grams of the product ofexample #33 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P3CT) and 225 grams of water. Mixturewas brought to 80° C. under nitrogen. It was then subjected to a reducedpressure of 15″-20″ Hg and held there for 1 hour. 20 grams of thedistillate were collected. Added 20 grams of water to the reaction flaskand equalized the pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yieldof this mixture was 300 grams in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 35 (121-59) Preparation of AMP3CT (Cl6 Epoxide Condensate ofAMP3)

In 500 ml reaction flask with stirrer, condenser, and thermometer wascharged 185.82 grams example #1, i.e., AMP3. Nitrogen flow wasmaintained throughout. To this was added 114.18 gms. of C16-α-OlefinEpoxide. The initial alkalinity of this mixture was 282 mg KOH/g. Thetemperature was raised to 150° C. with continued nitrogen atmosphere.Reaction was continued at 150° C. for the duration of 2 hours. Thealkalinity remained constant indicating that there was no loss of amineequivalence. The reaction mass was a dark amber liquid. Upon cooling to30° C. the yield was 300 gms.

EXAMPLE 36 (121-64A) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In 500 ml four neck glass reaction flask was added 172.5 grams ofAMP-3CT from example #35 (reference 121-59). The inert atmosphere ofnitrogen was maintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. atwhich time the addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that theexotherm came to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was127.5 gms. of which the first portion was 22.4 grams. The balance of DESwas added in units of 17.92 grams at temperature of 100° C.-104° C. Eachportion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DES wasadded. Alkalinity and pH were checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 22 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 5.8.Additional quantity of 15 grams DES was added and reacted for 30minutes. Alkalinity was none and pH 25% solution in water <1.0. Reactionwas cooled to 80° C. The yield of 315 grams was obtained as a solidpaste. This is abbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 37 (121-66) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In 500 ml four neck reaction flask was added 75 gms. of the product ofexample #36 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P3CT) and 225 grams of water. Mixturewas subjected to mixing and pH adjustments with a 25% sodium hydroxidesolution. The pH was brought to 5.9. Mixture was brought to 80° C. undernitrogen. It was then subjected to a reduced pressure of 15″-20″ Hg. andheld there for 1 hour. 40 grams of distillate were collected. Added 40grams of water to the reaction flask and equalized the pressure to 1atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yield of this mixture was 300 gms. inthe form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 38 (121-64) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a 500 ml four neck reaction flask was added 172.5 grams of AMP-3CTfrom example #35 (reference #121-59). The inert atmosphere of nitrogenwas maintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. at whichtime the addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that theexotherm came to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was127.5 grams of which the first portion was 22.4 grams. The balance ofDES was added in units of 17.92 grams at temperature of 100° C.-104° C.Each portion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DESwas added. Alkalinity and pH were checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 22 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 5.8.Additional quantity of 15 grams DES was added and reacted for 30minutes. Alkalinity was none and pH 25% solution in water was <1.0.Reaction was cooled to 80° C. Added 42 grams of 1,3-butylene glycol andthe mass was mixed for 1 hour at 80° C. The mixture was then cooled to30° C. The yield of 355 grams was obtained as a semisolid paste. This isabbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 39 (121-67) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 gms. of the product ofEx.#38 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P3CT) and 225 grams of water. Mixture wassubjected to mixing and pH adjustment with a 25% w/w sodium hydroxidesolution. The pH was brought to 5.9. Mixture was brought to 80° C. undernitrogen. It was then subjected to a reduced pressure of 15″-20″ Hg. andheld there for 1 hour. 36 grams of distillate were collected. Added 36grams of water to the reaction flask and equalized the pressure to 1atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yield of this mixture was 300 grams inthe form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 40 (118-299) Preparation of AMP5CT (Cl6 Epoxide Condensate ofAMP5)

In 1 liter four neck reaction flask with stirrer, condenser, andthermometer was charged 339 grams example #2, i.e., AMP5. Nitrogen flowwas maintained throughout. To this was added 161 grams of C16-α-OlefinEpoxide. The initial alkalinity of this mixture was 239.89 mg KOH/g. Thetemperature was raised to 150° C. with continued nitrogen atmosphere.Reaction was continued at 150° C. for the duration of 2 hours. Thealkalinity remained constant indicating that there was no loss of amineequivalence. The reaction mass was a dark amber liquid. Upon cooling to30° C. the yield was 499 grams.

EXAMPLE 41 (118-305) Preparation of Quat P5CT (DES Quat of AMP5CT)

In a 1 liter four neck glass reaction flask was added 306.7 grs. ofAMP-5CT from Ex.#40 (ref. #118-299). The inert atmosphere of nitrogenwas maintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. at whichtime the addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that theexotherm came to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was193.3 grams of which the first portion was 36.24 grams. The balance ofDES was added in units of 24.16 at temperature of 100° C.-104 C. Eachportion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DES wasadded. Alkalinity and pH were checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 18 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 4.4.Additional quantity of 15 grams DES was added and reacted for 30minutes. Alkalinity was none and pH 25% solution in water was <1.0.Reaction was cooled to 80° C. Added 70 grams of 1,3-butylene glycol andthe mass was mixed for 1 hour at 80° C. The mixture was then cooled to30° C. The yield of 585 grams was obtained as a semisolid paste. This isabbreviated as Quat P5CT.

EXAMPLE 42 (118-308) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P5CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 grams of the product ofexample #41 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P5CT) and 225 grams of water. Mixturewas subjected to mixing and pH adjustments with a 25% w/w sodiumhydroxide solution. The pH was brought to 5.7. Mixture was brought to80° C. under nitrogen. It was then subjected to a reduced pressure of15″-20″ Hg and held there for 1 hour. 30 grams of distillate werecollected. Added 30 grams of water to the reaction flask and equalizedthe pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yield of this mixturewas 300 grams in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 43 (117-75) Preparation of AMP3CT (Cl6 Epoxide Condensate ofAMP3)

In 1 liter four neck reaction flask with stirrer, condenser, andthermometer was charged 434 gr. Ex.#1, i.e., AMP3. Nitrogen flow wasmaintained throughout. To this was added 266 gr. of C16-α-OlefinEpoxide. The initial alkalinity of this mixture was 280.22 mg KOH/g. Thetemperature was raised to 150° C. with continued nitrogen atmosphere.Reaction was continued at 150° C. for the duration of 2 hrs. Thealkalinity remained constant indicating there was no loss of amineequivalence. The reaction mass was a dark amber liquid. Upon cooling to30° C. the yield was 700 grs.

EXAMPLE 44 (117-79) Preparation of Quat P3CT (DES Quat of AMP3CT)

In a 1 liter four neck glass reaction flask was added 402.50 grams ofAMP-3CT from Ex.#43 (ref. 117-75). The inert atmosphere of nitrogen wasmaintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. at which timethe addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that the exothermcame to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was 297.50grams of which the first portion was 75 grams. The balance of DES wasadded in units of 42 grs. at temperature of 100° C.-104° C. Each portionwas reacted for 30 min. before the next portion of DES was added.Alkalinity and pH were checked on the in-process samples. Alkalinity was6.23 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 3.5. Reaction was cooledto 80° C. Added 100 grams 1,3-butylene glycol and the mass was mixed for1 hour at 80° C. The mixture was then cooled to 30° C. The yield of 795grams was obtained as a semisolid paste. This is abbreviated as QuatP3CT.

EXAMPLE 45 (118-292) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 grams of the product ofexample #44 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P3CT) and 225 grams of water. Mixturewas subjected to mixing and pH adjustments with a 25% w/w sodiumhydroxide solution. The pH was brought to 5.9. Mixture was brought to80° C. under nitrogen. It was then subjected to a reduced pressure of15″-20″ Hg. and held there for 1 hour. 30 grams of the distillate werecollected. Added 30 grams of water to the reaction flask and equalizedthe pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yield of this mixturewas 300 grams in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 46 (117-77) Preparation of AMP5CT (Cl6 Epoxide Condensate ofAMP5)

In 1 liter four neck reaction flask with stirrer, condenser, andthermometer was charged 474.60 grams of example #2, i.e., AMP5. Nitrogenflow was maintained throughout. To this was added 225.40 grams ofC16-α-Olefin Epoxide. The initial alkalinity was 230 mg KOH/g. Thetemperature was raised to 150° C. with continued nitrogen atmosphere.Reaction was continued at 150° C. for the duration of 2 hours. Thealkalinity remained constant indicating that there was no loss of amineequivalence. The reaction mass was a dark amber liquid. Upon cooling to30° C. the yield was 700 grams.

EXAMPLE 47 (117-81) Preparation of Quat P5CT (DES Quat of AMP5CT)

In a 1 liter four neck glass reaction flask was added 429.38 grams ofAMP-5CT from example #46 (reference 117-77). The inert atmosphere ofnitrogen was maintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. atwhich time the addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that theexotherm came to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was270.62 grams of which the first portion was 70 grams. The balance of DESwas added in units of 30 grams at temperature of 100° C.-104° C. Eachportion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DES wasadded. Alkalinity and pH were checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was 4.93 mg KOH/g and pH of 25% water solution was 3.8.Reaction was cooled to 80° C. Added 100 grams of 1,3-butylene glycol andthe mass was mixed for 1 hour at 80° C. The mixture was then cooled to30° C. The yield of 795 grams was obtained as a semisolid paste. This isabbreviated as Quat P3CT.

EXAMPLE 48 (118-293) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P5CT

In a 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 grams of the product ofEx. #47 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P5CT) and 225 gr. of water. Mixture wassubjected to mixing and pH adjustments with a 25% w/w sodium hydroxidesolution. The pH was brought to 5.9. Mixture was brought to 80° C. undernitrogen. It was then subjected to a reduced pressure of 15″-20″ Hg andheld there for 1 hour. 36 gr. of the distillate were collected. Added 36gr. of water to the reaction flask and equalized the pressure to 1atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yield of this mixture was 300 grams inthe form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 49 (121-95) Preparation of AMP3LM (Cl2-Cl4 Epoxide Condensate ofAMP3)

In 500 ml four neck reaction flask with stirrer, condenser, andthermometer was charged 167.5 grams of example #1, i.e., AMP3. Nitrogenflow was maintained throughout. To this was added 82.5 grams ofC12-C14-α-Olefin Epoxide (70:30). The initial alkalinity of this mixturewas 296 mg KOH/g. The temperature was raised to 150° C. with continuednitrogen atmosphere. Reaction was continued at 150° C. for the durationof 2 hours. The alkalinity remained constant indicating that there wasno loss of amine equivalence. The reaction mass was a dark amber liquid.Upon cooling to 30° C. the yield was 250 grams.

EXAMPLE 50 (121-96) Preparation of Quat P3LM (DES Quat of AMP3LM)

In a 500 ml four neck glass reaction flask was added 137.37 grams ofAMP3LM from Ex. #49 (ref. 121.95). The inert atmosphere of nitrogen wasmaintained throughout. Temperature was raised to 55° C. at which timethe addition of DES (diethyl sulfate) was started so that the exothermcame to approximately 85° C.-104° C. Total quantity of DES was 112.62grams of which the first portion was 35.57 grams. The balance of DES wasadded in units of 23.71 gr. at temperature of 100° C.-104° C. Eachportion was reacted for 30 minutes before the next portion of DES wasadded. Alkalinity and pH were checked on the in-process sample.Alkalinity was none and pH 25% solution in water was 1.2. Reaction wascooled to 80° C. Added 35 grams of 1,3-butylene glycol and the mass wasmixed for 1 hour at 80° C. The mixture was then cooled to 30° C. Theyield of 280 gams was obtained as a semisolid paste. This is abbreviatedas Quat P3LM.

EXAMPLE 51 (121-98) Preparation of Aqueous Quat P3LM

In 1 500 ml glass reaction flask was added 75 grams of the product ofexample #50 (i.e. anhydrous Quat P3LM) and 225 grams of water. Mixturewas subjected to mixing and pH adjustments with a 25% w/w sodiumhydroxide solution. The pH was brought to 5.9. Mixture was brought to80° C. under nitrogen. It was then subjected to a reduced pressure of15″-20″ Hg and held there for 1 hour. 30 grams of the distillate werecollected. Added 30 grams of water to the reaction flask and equalizedthe pressure to 1 atmosphere. Cooled to 30° C. The yield of this mixturewas 300 grams in the form of a fluid dispersion.

EXAMPLE 52 Comparative Substantivity Properties

Substantivity is defined as the ability of the quaternary (or cationic)substance to be attracted to an anionic surface such as hair and wool.Substantivity is taken as a conditioning efficacy parameter for haircare products. In the industry, the Rubine Dye Uptake Test is typicallyperformed to screen for the property of substantivity.

A control fabric swatch of wool is treated in water without anytreatment with a quaternary compound. The test articles, i.e., fabricswatches, are applied with a certain level of “activity” to the sameweight fabric swatches as the control swatch. The treated fabricswatches are rinsed and then further treated in a solution of anionicacid dye such as Rubine Red Dye. The treatment with dye solution allowsthe fabric to attract the strong anionic dye solution with the help of aquaternary compound that has been applied to the swatch. The depth ofcolor is stronger or weaker depending upon the substantivity (higher orlower) of the quaternary. The deeper the color, the greater thesubstantivity of the quaternary.

The Rubine Dye Uptake Test was performed using the following materials:

1. Wool (Worsted) Swatches: Size = 3½ inches × 5½ inches Weight = 2.6gm. 2. Dye Solution: 0.50 gms. Dye (Direct Red #207, i.e., LumicreaseBordeaux 3LR, Clariant, Inc., Charlottte, North Carolina. 0.125 gms.Glacial Acetic Acid q.s. Water 1000 mls. 3. Dye Solution for TestSwatch: 150 mls. for each swatch 4. Test Sample Quaternary Solution:0.5% Active Quaternary in Water i.e., 1.0 gm. of Active Quaternary in200 ml. Water

Procedure:

The control swatch is treated in water without quaternary compound.Separate swatches for each quaternary substance are treated for 5minutes with mild stirring in separate beakers. The swatches are thenindividually (separately) rinsed with water.

The control swatch and treated swatches are further treated (each one ina separate beaker) with dye solution for 5 minutes and rinsed in tapwater at 40° C. The swatches are allowed to air dry.

The depth of the dye uptake is compared. The higher the color depth, thehigher the substantivity of the quaternary.

The results of the test are set forth in Table II below, where asubstantivity rating of 1 is the best, and a rating of 10 is poor.

TABLE II Comparative Substantivity Properties TEST ARTICLES % ACTIVEQUATERNARY INCI NAME RATINGS No Conditioner None — 10 (Control)FINQUAT ® CT¹ 0.50 Quaternium 75 3 FINQUAT ® CT-P² 0.50 Quaternium 89 1Product of Invention Example #6, 9, 20) Stearalkonium 0.50Steraralkonium 2 Chloride Chloride (Stearyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride)Cetyl Trimethyl 0.50 Cetrimonium Chloride 2 Ammonium ChlorideDimethyldiallyl 0.50 Poly Quaternium 7 2 Ammonium Chloride³Dimethyldiallyl 1.78 Poly Quaternium 7 2 Ammonium Chloride³ ¹Finextex,Inc., Elmwood Park, NJ. ²Finextex, Inc., Elmwood Park, NJ. ³Calgon,Inc., Pittsburgh, PA.

As can be seen in Table II, FINQUAT® CT-P (the product of Examples #6, 9and 20) shows superior substantivity in this group of quaternariestested. This is indicative of high substantivity for its use as aconditioning agent for hair care products. Hair is similar to woolfibers. Accordingly, wool is used as a sample textile material, servinga dual purpose in testing quaternaries.

EXAMPLE 53

Comparative Conditioning Properties

Conditioning efficacy is judged by evaluating wet and dry combcharacteristics and flyaway features of the hair tresses treated withthe conditioners.

A comparative study was done using the quaternary of this invention(Product of Example #6, 9, 20) known commercially as FINQUAT® CT-P, ascompared to other commercially marketed products.

A prototype formulation of Conditioner Base was made as shown below:

Water: Q.S. to 100 Parts Hydroxyethyl Cellulose: 0.40 Parts PropyleneGlycol: 10.00 Parts PEG-75 Lanolin: 0.25 Parts Conditioner: Q.S. for2.5% Actives

Procedure:

Mix hydroxy ethyl cellulose in water. Dissolve completely at 50° C. Addpropylene glycol and PEG-75 lanolin. Add conditioner and mix well. Coolto 25° C.

Conditioners Used in the Study:

1. Control (without any conditioner)

2. FINQUAT® CT (INCI Name: Quaternium 75)

3. FINQUAT® CT-P (INCI Name: Quaternium 89)

(Product of Invention Example Nos. 6, 9, and 20, as in Table II)

4. Stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride

INCI Name: Stearalkonium Chloride, the most widely used hair conditioneringredient)

5. Cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride

(INCI Name: Cetrimonium Chloride)

6. Dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride

(INCI Name: Poly Quaternium 7)

The attached table gives the results of the test of comparativeconditional properties, with a rating of 1 being the best, and a ratingof 10 being poor.

TABLE III Comparative Conditioning Properties WET DRY FLYAWAY COMB COMB(INCHES) Control (No conditioner) 8 5 3 FINQUAT ® CT¹ 6 2 2.5(Quaternium-75) FINQUAT ® CT-P² 2 1 2 (Quaternium-89) (Product ofExample #6, 9, 20) Stearalkonium Chloride 5 4 4.5 (Stearyl TrimethylAmmonium Chloride) Cetrimonium Chloride 7 3 4.0 Dimethyldiallyl 7 4 4.0Ammonium Chloride³ (Polyquaternium 7) ¹Finextex, Inc., Elmwood Park, NJ.²Finextex, Inc., Elmwood Park, NJ. ³Calgon, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA.

As can be seen in Table III, FINQUAT® CT-P (the product of Examples #6,9 and 20) shows superior conditioning properties in this group ofquaternaries tested. This is indicative of its benefits for use as aconditioning agent for hair care products.

EXAMPLE 54

Toxicology Studies

Toxicology studies compared the new quaternary ammonium compound of theinvention (hereinafter referred by its tradename FINQUAT® CT-P) toFINQUAT® CT, available from Finetex, Inc. of Elmwood Part, N.J. Thestudies indicate that the new quaternary ammonium compound of theinvention, FINQUAT® CT-P, is milder than FINQUAT® CT, which itself is amild quaternary.

Both products were tested at 3.0% active for dermal and ocularirritation by in-vitro Mat Tek Protocols (Skin model and Ocular Tissuemodel).

Construction of a Dose Response Curve: The extractant solution withineach well was pipetted up and down several times to insure that each iswell mixed. 200 microliters of each of the mixed extraction solutionswas then pipetted into separate wells of a 96 well microtiter plate. ADynatech MR 4000 Automatic Microplate Reader was used to determine theoptical density of each extract at 570 nm. With the absorbance of anegative control defined as 100%, the percent absorbencies of thearticles were determined (% viability=100×(OD [article]/OD [negativecontrol]). The calculated percentages directly correlate with the cellmetabolism in the EpiOcular samples.

Using a semi-log scale, the percent viability (liner “y” axis) wasplotted versus the dosing time (log “x” axis). By interpolation, thetime at which the viability has dropped to 50% was determined.

Correlation of In Vitro and In Vivo Results: (Epi-Ocular) The followingequation was used to estimate the rabbit Draize eye score: LogDraize=2.067−(0.979×Lot ET-50(min)). Based on the literature (Kay, J. H.and Calandra, J. C., “Interpretation of Eye Irritation Tests,” J. Soc.Cosmetic Chem., 13, 281-289 (1962), the ocular irritancy can becategorized into the following groups based on the Draize score:

Draize Irritancy Epiocular Score Classification Example ET-50 (min).0-15 Non-irritating, P53-75 Lanolin, Tween 20 >240-20.5 Minimal 15.1-25Mild 2% Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate <20.5-9.67 25.1-50 Moderate 5% TritonX-100 <9.67-3.48 50.1-110 Severe, 5% Benzalkonium Chloride <3.48 Extreme

Correlation of In vitro and In vivo results: (EpiDerm) The followinggroupings were used in assigning expected in vivo irritancy responsesbased upon the Et-50 results obtained using the EpiDerm:

ET-50 (hrs) Expected In vivo Irritancy Example <0.5 Severe, probablycorrosive Conc. Nitric Acid 0.5-4 Moderate 1% Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate4-12 Moderate to mild 1% Triton X-100 12-24 Very mild Baby Shampoo 24Non-irritating 10% Tween 20

The results are:

Ocular Results/Classification

FINQUAT® CT=Minimal Irritancy (as in Tween)

FINQUAT® CT-P=Non-Irritancy (as in Peg 75 Lanolin)

Positive Control=Mild Irritancy

Triton X-100 0.3%

Dermal Results/Classification

FINQUAT® CT=Very mild range

FINQUAT® CT-P=Non-Irritating range

Positive Control=Moderate to mild range

Triton X-100 0.3%

It will be understood that the embodiments described herein are merelyexemplary and that a person skilled in the art may make many variationsand modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention. For example, the invention is not intended to be strictlylimited to the named reactants and catalysts, recited pH ranges,reaction temperatures, reaction conversion, or other parameters. Rather,the invention as claimed extends to many possible variations notspecifically detailed. All such variations and modifications areintended to be included in the scope of the invention as describedherein.

We claim:
 1. Poly(oxypropylated) tetramethyiminobis propylamine havingthe structure:

where R=H (ethoxylated derivative); R=CH₃ (propoxylated derivative); andn−1 to 100 moles of Ethylene Oxide and/or Propylene Oxide.
 2. Thepoly(oxypropylated) tetramethyiminobis propylamine of claim 1 wherein nis 3 moles of propylene oxide.
 3. The poly(oxypropylated)tetramethyiminobis propylamine of claim 1 wherein n is 5 moles ofpropylene oxide.
 4. Hydroxy(lauryl/myristyl) oxy polyoxypropylatedtetramethyiminobis propylamine having the structure: